a2zinterviews

31.	Why thread is called as a lightweight process?
	It is called light weight process to emphasize the fact that a thread is like a process but is more efficient and uses fewer resources( n hence “lighter”)and they also share the address space.

32.	What are operating system services?
	Program execution I/O operations File system manipulation Communication Error detection Resource allocation Accounting Protection

33.	What is a process?
	A program in execution is called a process. Or it may also be called a unit of work. A process needs some system resources as CPU time, memory, files, and i/o devices to accomplish the task. Each process is represented in the operating system by a process control block or task control block (PCB). Processes are of two types Operating system processes User processes

34.

What are the different job scheduling in operating systems?

Scheduling is the activity of the deciding when process will receive the resources they request. FCFS ---> FCSFS stands for First Come First Served. In FCFS the job that has been waiting the longest is served next. Round Robin Scheduling--->Round Robin scheduling is a scheduling method where each process gets a small quantity of time to run and then it is preempted and the next process gets to run. This is called time-sharing and gives the effect of all the processes running at the same time. Shortest Job First ---> The Shortest job First scheduling algorithm is a nonpreemptive scheduling algorithm that chooses the job that will execute the shortest amount of time. Priority Scheduling--->Priority scheduling is a scheduling method where at all times the highest priority process is assigned the resource.

35.	What is dual-mode operation?
	In order to protect the operating systems and the system programs from the malfunctioning programs the two mode operations were evolved System mode User mode